The Awdal Crisis: A Path to Coexistence or Perpetual Conflict?
Introduction
The tribal crises engulfing the Awdal region of Somaliland represent one of the most serious...
La crise d'Awdal : une voie vers la coexistence ou un conflit perpétuel ?
Introduction
Les crises tribales qui ravagent la région d'Awdal, au Somaliland, constituent...
The Free and the Enslaved: Ibn Khaldun’s Lens on the Issa-Gadabuursi Conflict
The 14th-century North African scholar Ibn Khaldun, often hailed as a founder of...
Zeila Before Sharmarke: Arab Rule, Imperial Rivalries, and the Issa–Ogaas Trade Nexus
Zeila, spelled in Somali as Saylac and locally known as Awdal, was one...
Zeila avant Sharmarke : domination arabe, rivalités impériales et le lien commercial Issa-Ogaas
Zeila, orthographié Saylac en somali et connu localement sous le nom d'Awdal,...
Part lll:Tales of Travelers through the Horn of African Coasts; the Protectorate treaties.
The Somaliland Protectorate, established through a series of treaties signed between 1884...