An Unilateral Gambit in the Horn: The Geopolitical Earthquake of Israel’s Recognition of Somaliland
Introduction: A Challenge to the Established Order
On the fraught stage of...
Un coup unilatéral dans la Corne de l'Afrique : le séisme géopolitique de la reconnaissance du Somaliland par Israël
Introduction : Un défi à l'ordre...
Zeila Before Sharmarke: Arab Rule, Imperial Rivalries, and the Issa–Ogaas Trade Nexus
Zeila, spelled in Somali as Saylac and locally known as Awdal, was one...
Zeila avant Sharmarke : domination arabe, rivalités impériales et le lien commercial Issa-Ogaas
Zeila, orthographié Saylac en somali et connu localement sous le nom d'Awdal,...
Part lll:Tales of Travelers through the Horn of African Coasts; the Protectorate treaties.
The Somaliland Protectorate, established through a series of treaties signed between 1884...